TIMELINE
1946
Founding of the Liberal Party of the Philippines by President Manuel
Roxas, Jan. 19 , from the "Liberal" Wing of the Nacionalista
Party. 1947
Military Bases Agreement signed by Roxas Government due to US pressure
and a 1944 commitment by Pres. Quezon and VP Osmeña
First LP Convention (January) in Quiapo, Manila; Pres. Roxas defines
Philippine Liberalism
1948
Pres. Roxas dies of heart failure; His Vice President, Elpidio Quirino,
succeeds him as President both of the Philippines and the LP
1949
Quirino wins the Presidency; one of his opponents
is LP and Senate President Jose Avelino
Diosdado Macapagal, Emmanuel Pelaez and Ferdinand
Marcos elected to the House of Representatives
1951
Enactment of the Election Code
1952
Ramon Magsaysay leaves the LP after becoming the
Nacionalista Presidential bet during a secret Nacionalista convention
1953
Magsaysay wins the elections. He dies four years later in a plane
crash
1955
The LP is defeated in mid-term Senatorial elections. The Party taps
Macapagal, the Liberal candidate with the highest number of votes,
for its "reorganization" committee
1957
Macapagal chosen by LP National Council as Vice Presidential candidate
and wins, the first time the President and VP were from different
Parties
Macapagal becomes LP President, begins reform
of LP into a Party capable of responding to the "moral and
economic challenges of our times."
1961
Macapagal becomes President.
Jovito Salonga wins a seat in the House of Representatives
during mid-term elections; Ferdinand Marcos becomes Senate President
1963
Enactment of the Agricultural Land Reform Code (RA 3844), one of
the Macapagal Administration's answers to the communist insurgency.
1965
Minimum Wage Law (RA 4150)
is enacted despite strong pressure from the industrial and commercial
sectors.
Marcos defects to the Nacionalistas after Pres.
Macapagal decides to run for re-election. Marcos wins the 1965 elections
for his first term as President
Macapagal, in a show of supreme statesmanship,
graciously concedes defeat to Marcos and welcomes his successor
to Malacañang.
Pres. Macapagal leaves the Philippines a prosperous
nation, second only to Japan in Asia. He also restores much of its
sovereignty by returning Independence Day to 12 June (1898) rather
than 4 July (1946) and by adopting a foreign policy largely uninfluenced
by US interests.
The claim to Sabah, in behalf of the Sultan of
Sulu, was also begun by Pres. Macapagal, having earlier successfully
negotiated the return of the Turtle Islands to the Philippines from
the UK.
By this time, too, the Philippines under Macapagal
was gearing up to be a regional power, having been instrumental
in the creation of MAPHILINDO, the precursor of ASEAN, and in the
creation of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), which
created the world's first "miracle rice", IR-8.
1967
Ninoy Aquino becomes a Senator
1969
Marcos is re-elected as President
1971
Convening of the Constituional Convention. Former Pres. Carlos P.
Garcia was elected as its President, but he dies before it is convened;
Former Pres. Macapagal is installed as Convention President in his
stead.
LP National Directorate conference (June 23) where
members of Civil Society were invited to speak to the Party leadership.
Bombing of the LP Proclamation Rally at
Plaza Miranda (August 21); Marcos suspends the Writ of Habeas Corpus.
In a show of support for the Opposition, the people elect 6 LP Senatorial
candidates during the mid-term elections of this year.
1972
Marcos issues Proclamation 1081, placing the country under Martial
Law after a staged ambush on then-Defense Secretary Juan Ponce Enrile.
Opposition leaders are jailed, especially Sen. Aquino.
The LP boycotts all elections for the next 14
years, reorganizes itself as a non-electoral conscience bloc
1973
"Ratification" of new Constitution through "Citizens'
Assemblies"
1978
On the eve of elections for the interim Batasang Pambansa, Manila
is engulfed in a citywide noise barrage, the most celebrated of
its kind in Philippine history, as a protest to Martial Rule
LP begins organizing the political opposition
in order to effectively combat Martial Rule.
1980
Sen. Aquino sent to medical exile to the USA; Sen. Salonga is jailed
Salvador "Doy" Laurel wins a seat in
the Batasan. He and Former Pres. Macapagal spearheads the organizing
of the United Nationalist Democratic Organization (Unido)
1981
Sen. Salonga is exiled to the United States; Sen. Roxas goes to
the US for medical treatment
Sen. Salonga drafts the LP Vision and Program
of Government at the request of Sen. Roxas. This document will play
a vital role in the crafting of official policy after People Power
I
1982
Sen. Roxas dies of liver cancer on April 19 in the US
The timely intervention of former Pres. Macapagal
prevents the full absorption of the LP into Unido; the LP remains
an allied Party within the larger organization, rather than as a
fully-integrated part of UNIDO.
Sen. Salonga becomes LP President, issues a Party
memorandum on July 14 that, among other things, transformed the
LP into a Party that is pro-Filipino and espouses a politics of
issues, causes, principles and programs
1983
Sen. Aquino is assassinated on August 21, thirteen years to the
day after the Plaza Miranda Bombing
1985
Sen. Salonga returns from exile with the new LP Vision and Program
of Government. On Oct. 5, the Party adopts it as the official LP
ideology
On Nov. 3, Marcos announces a snap election for
Feb. 1986 over a live US TV broadcast
1986
Snap Elections. Extensive discrepancies in the election results
causes a walkout among COMELEC workers during the official counting
of votes
LP leader and Antique Governor Evelio Javier gunned
down after the elections due to his staunch anti-Dictatorship stance
21 - 25 February: People Power I
1987
Ratification of post-People Power I Constituion
LP rebuilding in high gear. Senate becomes an
LP bastion after the May 11 elections and Salonga is chosen as Senate
President
LP shifts from the traditional political "ward-leader"
recruitment policy to a largely "mass-cadre" one in order
to attract persons from all walks of life to membership with the
Party
Enactment of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform
Law
1988
The Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP), under Speaker Ramon Mitra,
move to consolidate their numbers in the House of Representatives,
prompting the "most massive parliamentary massacre in legislative
history" late in 1988. Although part of the Administration
coalition, the LP loses its Committee Chairmanships in the House
and then-Rep. Raul Daza, LP Secretary General, sacrifices his position
as Senior Assistant Majority Floor Leader in a show of solidarity
with the LP Congressmen
1989
The "Abad Experience"; Rep. Florencio Abad is tapped by
Pres. Aquino to be the Secretary for Agrarian Reform, but he runs
afoul of the Commission on Appointments (CA). When Pres. Aquino
distanced herself from the new DAR Secretary, Abad resigns after
only three months in office. He was accused by the CA as being "pro-farmer"
Founding of the Kabataan
Liberal ng Pilipinas (Kalipi), the youth wing of the LP
Founding of the National
Institute for Policy Studies (NIPS), the think-tank of Philippine
liberalism
Friedrich
Naumann Stiftung (FNSt), the German foundation for Liberalism,
opens its office in Manila.
1991
On Sept. 16, a LP-led Senate under Senate Pres. Jovito Salonga votes
"no" to the "Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and
Security", thus preventing a new lease for the US Bases and
ending 400 years of foreign military presence in the Philippines
1992
Despite a lineup of progressive-thinking candidates and a campaign
focusing on issues and programs, as well as its performance since
1986, the LP loses heavily in the National Elections.
Ironically, this is mostly attributed to the LP's
pursuit of the removal of the US Bases from Philippine soil.
1993
The LP leads in the founding of the Council
of Asian Liberals and Democrats (CALD) the regional organization
of liberal and democratic political parties in Asia. Manila becomes
the site of its permanent Secretariat up to this day.
2000
Pres. Joseph Estrada faces the juetengate. LP leaders are
some of the first to declare its support for the Constitutional
processes of determining Presidential guilt, and LP leaders Rep.
Bobby Tañada and Ed Nachura are part of the House Prosecution
Panel during Estrada's Impeachment.
Kalipi, along with several other youth organizations,
form KOMPIL II Youth, one of the most active organizations during
the Resign-Impeach-Oust Initiatives
2001
January: People Power II; Estrada resigns and Vice President Gloria
Macapagal-Arroyo, daughter of Pres. Diosdado Macapagal, succeeds
the deposed Estrada.
Rep. Florencio Abad challenges Joe de Venecia
of Lakas NUCD-UMDP for the Speakership, proving that the LP has
once again become a significant political force.
2003
15 May: the Liberal Family of Organizations - LP, Kalipi,
NIPS, CALD and FNSt - publish Liberal
Philippines. The magazine is considered as probably the
first political magazine in the Philippines.
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