TIMELINE

1946

Founding of the Liberal Party of the Philippines by President Manuel Roxas, Jan. 19 , from the "Liberal" Wing of the Nacionalista Party.

1947
Military Bases Agreement signed by Roxas Government due to US pressure and a 1944 commitment by Pres. Quezon and VP Osmeña

First LP Convention (January) in Quiapo, Manila; Pres. Roxas defines Philippine Liberalism

1948
Pres. Roxas dies of heart failure; His Vice President, Elpidio Quirino, succeeds him as President both of the Philippines and the LP

1949
Quirino wins the Presidency; one of his opponents is LP and Senate President Jose Avelino

Diosdado Macapagal, Emmanuel Pelaez and Ferdinand Marcos elected to the House of Representatives

1951
Enactment of the Election Code

1952
Ramon Magsaysay leaves the LP after becoming the Nacionalista Presidential bet during a secret Nacionalista convention

1953
Magsaysay wins the elections. He dies four years later in a plane crash

1955
The LP is defeated in mid-term Senatorial elections. The Party taps Macapagal, the Liberal candidate with the highest number of votes, for its "reorganization" committee

1957
Macapagal chosen by LP National Council as Vice Presidential candidate and wins, the first time the President and VP were from different Parties

Macapagal becomes LP President, begins reform of LP into a Party capable of responding to the "moral and economic challenges of our times."

1961
Macapagal becomes President.

Jovito Salonga wins a seat in the House of Representatives during mid-term elections; Ferdinand Marcos becomes Senate President

1963
Enactment of the Agricultural Land Reform Code (RA 3844), one of the Macapagal Administration's answers to the communist insurgency.

1965
Minimum Wage Law (RA 4150) is enacted despite strong pressure from the industrial and commercial sectors.

Marcos defects to the Nacionalistas after Pres. Macapagal decides to run for re-election. Marcos wins the 1965 elections for his first term as President

Macapagal, in a show of supreme statesmanship, graciously concedes defeat to Marcos and welcomes his successor to Malacañang.

Pres. Macapagal leaves the Philippines a prosperous nation, second only to Japan in Asia. He also restores much of its sovereignty by returning Independence Day to 12 June (1898) rather than 4 July (1946) and by adopting a foreign policy largely uninfluenced by US interests.

The claim to Sabah, in behalf of the Sultan of Sulu, was also begun by Pres. Macapagal, having earlier successfully negotiated the return of the Turtle Islands to the Philippines from the UK.

By this time, too, the Philippines under Macapagal was gearing up to be a regional power, having been instrumental in the creation of MAPHILINDO, the precursor of ASEAN, and in the creation of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), which created the world's first "miracle rice", IR-8.

1967
Ninoy Aquino becomes a Senator

1969
Marcos is re-elected as President

1971
Convening of the Constituional Convention. Former Pres. Carlos P. Garcia was elected as its President, but he dies before it is convened; Former Pres. Macapagal is installed as Convention President in his stead.

LP National Directorate conference (June 23) where members of Civil Society were invited to speak to the Party leadership.

Bombing of the LP Proclamation Rally at Plaza Miranda (August 21); Marcos suspends the Writ of Habeas Corpus. In a show of support for the Opposition, the people elect 6 LP Senatorial candidates during the mid-term elections of this year.

1972
Marcos issues Proclamation 1081, placing the country under Martial Law after a staged ambush on then-Defense Secretary Juan Ponce Enrile. Opposition leaders are jailed, especially Sen. Aquino.

The LP boycotts all elections for the next 14 years, reorganizes itself as a non-electoral conscience bloc

1973
"Ratification" of new Constitution through "Citizens' Assemblies"

1978
On the eve of elections for the interim Batasang Pambansa, Manila is engulfed in a citywide noise barrage, the most celebrated of its kind in Philippine history, as a protest to Martial Rule

LP begins organizing the political opposition in order to effectively combat Martial Rule.

1980
Sen. Aquino sent to medical exile to the USA; Sen. Salonga is jailed

Salvador "Doy" Laurel wins a seat in the Batasan. He and Former Pres. Macapagal spearheads the organizing of the United Nationalist Democratic Organization (Unido)

1981
Sen. Salonga is exiled to the United States; Sen. Roxas goes to the US for medical treatment

Sen. Salonga drafts the LP Vision and Program of Government at the request of Sen. Roxas. This document will play a vital role in the crafting of official policy after People Power I

1982
Sen. Roxas dies of liver cancer on April 19 in the US

The timely intervention of former Pres. Macapagal prevents the full absorption of the LP into Unido; the LP remains an allied Party within the larger organization, rather than as a fully-integrated part of UNIDO.

Sen. Salonga becomes LP President, issues a Party memorandum on July 14 that, among other things, transformed the LP into a Party that is pro-Filipino and espouses a politics of issues, causes, principles and programs

1983
Sen. Aquino is assassinated on August 21, thirteen years to the day after the Plaza Miranda Bombing

1985
Sen. Salonga returns from exile with the new LP Vision and Program of Government. On Oct. 5, the Party adopts it as the official LP ideology

On Nov. 3, Marcos announces a snap election for Feb. 1986 over a live US TV broadcast

1986
Snap Elections. Extensive discrepancies in the election results causes a walkout among COMELEC workers during the official counting of votes

LP leader and Antique Governor Evelio Javier gunned down after the elections due to his staunch anti-Dictatorship stance

21 - 25 February: People Power I

1987
Ratification of post-People Power I Constituion

LP rebuilding in high gear. Senate becomes an LP bastion after the May 11 elections and Salonga is chosen as Senate President

LP shifts from the traditional political "ward-leader" recruitment policy to a largely "mass-cadre" one in order to attract persons from all walks of life to membership with the Party

Enactment of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law

1988
The Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP), under Speaker Ramon Mitra, move to consolidate their numbers in the House of Representatives, prompting the "most massive parliamentary massacre in legislative history" late in 1988. Although part of the Administration coalition, the LP loses its Committee Chairmanships in the House and then-Rep. Raul Daza, LP Secretary General, sacrifices his position as Senior Assistant Majority Floor Leader in a show of solidarity with the LP Congressmen

1989
The "Abad Experience"; Rep. Florencio Abad is tapped by Pres. Aquino to be the Secretary for Agrarian Reform, but he runs afoul of the Commission on Appointments (CA). When Pres. Aquino distanced herself from the new DAR Secretary, Abad resigns after only three months in office. He was accused by the CA as being "pro-farmer"

Founding of the Kabataan Liberal ng Pilipinas (Kalipi), the youth wing of the LP

Founding of the National Institute for Policy Studies (NIPS), the think-tank of Philippine liberalism

Friedrich Naumann Stiftung (FNSt), the German foundation for Liberalism, opens its office in Manila.

1991
On Sept. 16, a LP-led Senate under Senate Pres. Jovito Salonga votes "no" to the "Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Security", thus preventing a new lease for the US Bases and ending 400 years of foreign military presence in the Philippines

1992
Despite a lineup of progressive-thinking candidates and a campaign focusing on issues and programs, as well as its performance since 1986, the LP loses heavily in the National Elections.

Ironically, this is mostly attributed to the LP's pursuit of the removal of the US Bases from Philippine soil.

1993
The LP leads in the founding of the Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats (CALD) the regional organization of liberal and democratic political parties in Asia. Manila becomes the site of its permanent Secretariat up to this day.

2000
Pres. Joseph Estrada faces the juetengate. LP leaders are some of the first to declare its support for the Constitutional processes of determining Presidential guilt, and LP leaders Rep. Bobby Tañada and Ed Nachura are part of the House Prosecution Panel during Estrada's Impeachment.

Kalipi, along with several other youth organizations, form KOMPIL II Youth, one of the most active organizations during the Resign-Impeach-Oust Initiatives

2001
January: People Power II; Estrada resigns and Vice President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, daughter of Pres. Diosdado Macapagal, succeeds the deposed Estrada.

Rep. Florencio Abad challenges Joe de Venecia of Lakas NUCD-UMDP for the Speakership, proving that the LP has once again become a significant political force.

2003
15 May: the Liberal Family of Organizations - LP, Kalipi, NIPS, CALD and FNSt - publish Liberal Philippines. The magazine is considered as probably the first political magazine in the Philippines.

 

 
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